탐정학개론

머리말 / 3



CHAPTER 01 탐정의 개념과 의의 13

제 1 절 탐정의 개념 정의 ······················································································ 14

1. 탐정의 개념 정의 / 14

2. 업무범위를 중심으로 한 탐정의 개념 정의 / 20

3. 탐정조사와 구별되는 개념 / 26

제 2 절 탐정업의 의의 ···························································································· 29

1. 일반적인 탐정업의 의의 / 29

2. 탐정직업의 특징 / 36

3. 탐정의 업무범위 / 39



CHAPTER 02 탐정학의 학문적 정체성 이해 45

제 1 절 탐정학의 학문적 정체성 정립 필요성 ······················································ 46

제 2 절 이론적 틀 ··································································································· 47

1. 탐정학의 학문적 정체성 개념?분류 및 분석기준 / 47

2. 탐정학의 학문적 정체성 확립 기준 및 발전과제 / 51

제 3 절 탐정학의 학문적 정체성 현황 ··································································· 52

1. 탐정학의 내적(과학적) 정체성 / 52

2. 탐정학의 외적 정체성: 선행연구 검토 및 학회 구성?운영 / 57

3. 탐정학의 외적 정체성: 독립된 학과 존재 / 62

4. 탐정업(민간조사업)의 사회적 관심과 지지: 실태 및 제도화 / 63

제 4 절 결어 ············································································································ 66



CHAPTER 03 탐정의 기원과 발전과정 67

제 1 절 탐정제도의 발전 배경과 과정 ··································································· 68

1. 사립탐정의 역사와 탐정제도의 기원 / 68

2. 주요 국가 탐정제도의 기원과 발전 배경 / 69

제 2 절 주요 탐정기업의 발전 배경과 현황 ·························································· 72

1. Pinkerton社 / 72

2. Kroll社 / 78

3. Hill & Associate社 / 81



CHAPTER 04 탐정학의 기초 이론 83

제 1 절 탐정조사활동의 목적 ················································································· 84

1. 사건의 진상 파악 / 84

2. 형사사건 기초조사 / 84

3. 산업정보 유출실태 및 정황 파악 / 85

4. 실종자 및 가출자 찾기 / 86

5. 보험사기 및 교통사고 조사 / 86

제 2 절 탐정조사활동의 성질 ················································································· 87

1. 조사활동의 과정적 성질 / 87

2. 탐정조사의 하강과정과 상승과정 / 88

제 3 절 탐정 조사대상으로서의 사실적 실체와 규범적 실체 ······························· 89

1. 사실적 실체 / 90

2. 규범적 실체 / 93

제 4 절 탐정조사의 기본적 이념 ············································································ 94

1. 실체적 진실의 확인 / 94

2. 의뢰인의 실질적 지원(수익자 부담의 원칙) / 96

3. 법률의 준수와 편법 및 불법의 배척 / 96

4. 관련 정보의 비공개원칙 준수 / 97

제 5 절 탐정제도 공인화에 대한 찬반양론 ···························································· 98

1. 공인탐정제도 입법화 찬성 측의 입장 / 98

2. 공인탐정제도 입법화 반대 측의 입장 / 102



CHAPTER 05 역대 국회 탐정법제도의 도입 필요성과 법제화 방향 107

제 1 절 탐정업 제도화 논의 경과 ········································································ 108

제 2 절 역대 탐정업법 입법발의 내용과 쟁점 ···················································· 109

1. 제17대 국회 / 109

2. 제18대 국회 / 111

3. 제19대 국회 / 114

4. 제20대 국회 / 115

5. 제21대 국회 / 117

제 3 절 탐정업 제도화 관련 논란 ········································································ 128

1. 법무부 측 입장 / 129

2. 경찰청 측 입장 / 130

3. 탐정업연합회를 지지하는 입장 / 131

제 4 절 탐정업의 제도적 정착을 위한 방향성 모색 ··········································· 132

1. 국회 탐정법안 통과를 위한 합리적 방안 마련 / 132

2. 직업윤리 강화에 대한 협회의 방안 마련 / 133

3. 학제적 연구의 강화 / 134



CHAPTER 06 탐정 관련법의 이해 135

제 1 절 탐정 기초법 ······························································································ 136

1. 헌법 / 136

2. 민법과 민사소송법 / 139

3. 형법과 형사소송법 / 144

제 2 절 탐정 관련 법률 ························································································ 149

1. 신용정보의 이용 및 보호에 관한 법률 / 149

2. 개인정보 보호에 관한 법률 / 150

3. 통신비밀보호법 / 152

4. 위치정보의 보호 및 이용 등에 관한 법률 / 156

5. 실종아동등의 보호 및 지원에 관한 법률 / 157



CHAPTER 07 외국 탐정제도의 업무범위 및 역할 비교 159

제 1 절 외국 탐정의 업무를 통해본 한국 탐정의 업무범위 ······························· 160

1. 선진 외국 탐정활동의 업무범위 비교 / 160

2. 우리나라 탐정의 업무범위 실상과 전망 / 161

3. 외국 전문탐정의 업무 영역 / 163

제 2 절 외국의 탐정제도와 업무범위 ··································································· 166

1. 영국의 탐정제도와 업무범위 / 166

2. 일본의 탐정제도와 업무범위 / 168

3. 프랑스의 탐정제도와 업무범위 / 171

4. 미국의 탐정제도와 업무범위 / 174

5. 독일의 탐정제도와 업무범위 / 175

제 3 절 민사법률 분쟁에서 외국 탐정의 역할 ···················································· 176

1. 손해배상책임과 탐정 / 176

2. 손해배상의 일반적 요소 / 182

3. 손해배상 사건에 있어서의 탐정의 역할 / 193

제 4 절 외국 제도와의 비교를 통한 공인탐정제도 도입문제 ····························· 196

1. 공인탐정제도의 도입에 대한 논란 / 196

2. 현재 국내 제도 도입과 관련한 현황 / 197



CHAPTER 08 탐정업법의 제정 필요성과 법제화 방향 201

제 1 절 탐정서비스의 성장 현황과 입법 전망 ···················································· 202

1. 민간보안산업과 탐정시장의 현황 / 202

2. 민간보안산업의 성장 진단과 전망 / 203

3. 탐정서비스의 성장과 탐정업법 제정 필요성 / 205

4. 한국형 탐정제도의 최적 도입방식, 어떻게 할 것인가? / 207

5. 맺는 말 / 210

제 2 절 공인탐정제도의 제도화 경과 및 쟁점 ···················································· 211

1. 공인탐정제도 법제정 논의 경과 / 211

2. 제도화 과정의 주요 쟁점 / 214

제 3 절 탐정업 관리법 제정을 위한 법제화 추진 방향 ······································ 222

1. 입법방식: 개별법 제정을 통한 제도 운영 / 223

2. 탐정업법 제정에 있어 쟁점사항별 입법방안 / 225

제 4 절 결어 ·········································································································· 248



CHAPTER 09 탐정의 조사과정 249

제 1 절 탐정조사의 의의 및 과정 이해 ······························································· 250

1. 탐정조사의 의의 및 일반적 과정 / 250

2. 조사의 원칙과 절차 / 255

제 2 절 탐정조사의 문제 및 장애요인 극복방안 ················································· 257

1. 탐정조사의 일반적인 문제 및 조사도구 / 257

2. 조사과정의 오류 및 조사위험 관리방법 / 261

제 3 절 탐정의 조사기법의 이해 ·········································································· 264

1. 탐정의 조사기법 / 264

2. 탐정의 조사도구 및 장비와 사용 시 유의사항 / 279



CHAPTER 10 탐정의 현장조사활동의 이해 287

제 1 절 탐정감시업무의 특성과 대상 ··································································· 288

1. 탐정감시업무의 특성 이해 / 288

2. 탐정감시업무의 대상 / 291

제 2 절 탐정의 현장조사활동 사전계획 ······························································· 298

1. 현장조사의 원칙 / 299

2. 탐정 현장조사의 사전작업 / 301

3. 현장조사과정의 유의사항 / 304

제 3 절 탐정의 탐문조사의 유형과 방법 ····························································· 307

1. 탐문조사의 유형 / 307

2. 탐문조사의 청취과정 / 313

3. 탐문조사 마무리 절차 / 316



CHAPTER 11 개인정보 보호와 탐정 319

제 1 절 EU 및 주요 국가의 개인정보 보호 현황 ··············································· 320

1. EU 및 주요국 입법 동향 및 주요 내용 / 320

2. 미국과 영국의 개인정보 보호 현황 / 323

3. EU와 미국의 개인정보 보호제도 비교 / 326

제 2 절 우리나라의 개인정보 보호제도의 이해 ··················································· 327

1. 우리나라의 개인정보 보호법 현황 / 327

2. 개인정보 보호의 원칙 / 334

3. 시사점 / 343



CHAPTER 12 탐정윤리 345

제 1 절 탐정윤리의 의의 ······················································································ 346

1. 윤리와 직업윤리의 개념 / 346

2. 탐정윤리의 개념 정의 / 348

3. 탐정 및 탐정법인의 의무와 원칙 / 352

제 2 절 탐정윤리의 주요 내용과 윤리강령 ·························································· 358

1. 전문직업윤리로서 탐정윤리의 중요성 및 주요 내용 / 358

2. 탐정의 윤리와 도덕적 요구사항 / 366

3. 탐정의 윤리강령 / 376



CHAPTER 13 탐정기업의 경영관리 383

제 1 절 탐정 창업 및 경영을 위한 사전 준비사항 ············································· 384

1. 탐정업체 창업 및 경영을 위한 제반 점검사항 / 384

2. 탐정이 되려면 어떤 자질과 능력이 필요한가? / 387

3. 탐정업 창업 및 경영전략, 어떻게 할 것인가? / 389

제 2 절 탐정업체 경영을 위한 제반사항 ····························································· 391

1. 탐정업체 경영을 위한 제반요건 / 391

2. 탐정사업 경영관리의 단계적 요소별 대응방안 / 396



CHAPTER 14 탐정의 의사소통과 보고 403

제 1 절 탐정의 의사소통과 보고서 작성의 이해 ················································· 404

1. 커뮤니케이션 및 보고서 작성의 필요성 / 404

2. 의사소통의 방법 이해 / 405

3. 효과적인 의사소통을 위한 방법 / 412

제 2 절 탐정의 메모 작성과 보고서 작성방법 ···················································· 417

1. 탐정의 현장 메모 작성방법 / 417

2. 탐정의 보고서 유형 및 작성 시 유의사항 / 419

3. 탐정의 보고서 작성방법과 평가 / 427

제 3 절 탐정의 법정 증언방법 ············································································· 433

1. 법정 증언의 절차 / 433

2. 탐정의 법정 증언 시 지침 및 유의사항 / 434



CHAPTER 15 위치정보 보호와 탐정조사 439

제 1 절 위치정보 추적조사의 의의 및 법률 현황 ··············································· 440

1. 문제의 제기 / 440

2. 위치정보 추적수사 관련 법률과 현황 / 442

제 2 절 위치정보 추적조사의 쟁점과 개선방안 및 시사점 ································ 445

1. 위치정보 추적수사 관련 쟁점사항 / 445

2. 개선방안 / 446

3. 탐정의 감시?조사에 주는 시사점 / 447



CHAPTER 16 공익탐정과 공익신고자 보호 451

제 1 절 공익탐정의 의의와 이해 ·········································································· 452

1. 공익탐정의 의의 / 452

2. 공익탐정의 조사 서비스 / 455

3. 국내 법제도상 공익탐정의 업무범위 / 465

제 2 절 공익신고자 보호제도의 이해 ··································································· 471

1. 공익신고자 보호법률의 의의 / 471

2. 공익신고자 보호법의 주요 내용 / 478

3. 공익신고의 처리 절차 및 보상 / 486

제 3 절 공익신고자 보호제도의 한계와 개선 방향 ············································· 498

1. 현행 공익신고자 보호제도의 한계 / 498

2. 공익신고자 보호의 강화 방향 / 500



· 참고문헌 ············································································································· 503

· 찾아보기 ············································································································· 513